kʷetu̯ er-, kʷetuō̆ r-, kʷetur- m., kʷetes(o)r- f.

    kʷetu̯ er-, kʷetuō̆ r-, kʷetur- m., kʷetes(o)r- f.

    English meaning: four

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “vier”

    Note: (contains?? *sor “wife, woman”)

    Material: O.Ind. catvǘ raḥ m. (acc. catúraḥ), catvǘ ri n., cátasraḥ f.; Av. čaϑwürō m. (gen. čaturą m), čataŋrō f., Pers. čahür; Arm. čork” from *č̣orek” < *kʷetu̯ ores (acc. č̣ors); Gk. Hom. τέσσαρες, Att. τέτταρες, böot. πέτταρες (with secondary Schwachstufe); Ion. ark. hellen. τέσσερες (*kʷetu̯ eres); reduced grade Hom. πίσυρες (acc. πίσυρας = O.Ind. catúraḥ, Lesb. πισύρων = Av. čaturą m), Lesb. also πέσσυρες; Dor. wGk. τέτορες (*kʷetu̯ ores); Lat. quattuor (a seems, as Hom. πίσυρες, e fortzusetzen); Osc. pettiur; petora n. (compare petiro-pert “viermal” from *petri̯ü-, das after *triü in Umbr. triiuper “dreimal”); O.Ir. ceth(a)ir (fem. cethēoir after tēoir “3”), O.Welsh petguar, Welsh pedwar (fem. pedair), Corn. peswar (O.Brit. Stadtname Πετουαρία); Goth. fidwōr, N.. and WestGmc. due to an assimilation form *ku̯eku̯or (bis auf die Kompositionsformen salfr. fitter-, O.E. fyðer-, O.S. fiæÞer-: Goth. fidur-): O.Ice. fiōrer m., fiōrar f., fiogor n., O.H.G. feor, fior, O.S. fiuwar, fior, O.E. fēower; Lith. keturì (acc. kêturis = O.Ind. catúraḥ), fem. kêturios; Ltv. četri; aksl -četyre m., -i f. n. Toch. A śtwar (*kʷetu̯ er-), В ś(t)wür, ś(t)wer (*kʷetu̯ ores) “4”, A śtwarük “40”. In compounds (and derivatives) kʷetur-, kʷetu̯ r̥ -, kʷetru-: O.Ind. cátur- [aŋga-ḥ “viergliedrig”], with Schwundst. the 1. syllable Av. ü-xtūirīm “viermal” O.Ind. turīya-, túrya-ḥ, Av. tūirya- “vierter”; Av. čaϑwarǝ-aspa- Av. čaϑru-[gaoša-]; from *τετFρα (IE *kʷetu̯ r̥ -): Gk. τετρα-[κόσιοι], -πους; contaminated from τρυ- and τετρα-: Gk. τράπεζα; τρυ-φάλεια “helmet” (compare τετρά-φαλος “with vier Schirmen versehen”) probably zero grade *[kʷ]tru-, as Osc. trutom (if es “quartum” stands for); Lat. quadru-[pēs]; Umbr. petur[-pursus “quadrupedibus”]; Gaul. Petru-corii “die Vierstämmigen”, petru-deca-metos “vierzehnter”, Welsh pedry- “vierfach” (Gaul. petor-ritum “vierräderiger cart “ probably with dem vowel from *kʷetu̯ ores), “viereckig, strong”; Goth. fidur-dōgs (Westgermanisches see above); Lith. ketur-[kõjis “vierfũßig”]; Arm. k”taṙ-a-sun “40” (from *twr̥-, compare O.Ind. turīya- “vierter”). ordinals: O.Ind. caturthá-, turī́ ya-, túrya-, Av. tūirya-; Arm. č̣orir, č̣orr-ord, kaṙ-ord; Gk. Att. τέταρτος, Hom. τέτρατος (for *τυρτος “vierter” in Συρταῖος), böot. πέτρατος; Lat. quürtus, prän. Quorta, Osc. perhaps truto- (see above); O.Ir. cethramad (*kʷetru-metos); Gaul. petuarios = O.Welsh petuerid; O.H.G. fiordo, O.E. féorða, O.Ice. fiōrði; Lith. ketvir̃tas (Ltv. cetur̃taĩs as O.Ind. caturthá-ḥ), O.C.S. četvrьtъ; Toch. A śtärt (*kʷetu̯ r̥ tos), В śtwerne. Von other Zubehör sei berausgehoben Lat. quattuordecim, Goth. fidwōrtaí hun, O.H.G. viorzëhan “14”; Dor. Ion. delph. τετpώκοντα (*kʷetu̯ orǝ-k̂omte) = Lat. quadrügintü “40”; Av. čaϑruš “viermal”, O.Ind. catúḥ = Lat. quater (*kʷetrus); O.Ind. catvará- m. “viereckiger place”, Lith. ketverì “je vier”, O.C.S. četverъ, četvorъ ds., O.Ir. cethorcho “40” (*kʷetru-k̂omts).

    References: WP. I 512, Trautmann 131 f., Schwyzer Gk. I 351 f., 589 f., WH. II 394, 400 f., F. Sommer Zum Zahlwort, 27.